Nirmatrelvir INN + Ritonavir USP

Nirmatrelvir INN + Ritonavir USP is a combination of two drugs used to treat COVID-19, a coronavirus disease caused by SARS-CoV-2. Nirmatrelvir is an antiviral and ritonavir is an inhibitor of CYP3A4. It is recommended for use in the treatment of mild COVID-19 patients.

For treatment, nirmatrelvir and ritonavir must be taken as directed. Two pills are taken in the morning and the evening for five days. They must be swallowed whole. Do not chew them, drink them, or split them. The medication is not prescribed during pregnancy.

Nirmatrelvir and ritonavir can interact with some medications. If they do, the interactions can increase adverse effects. Managing drug-drug interactions involves monitoring and adjusting dosing or modifying other medications.

Nirmatrelvir and Ritonavir are contraindicated in patients with hepatic impairment, in which the liver is inflamed. In addition, it is also contraindicated in patients taking certain medications. Some of these medications include amiodarone, alfuzosin, apalutamide (Erleada), lovastatin, midazolam, and dronedarone.

The risk of hospitalization in the nirmatrelvir/ritonavir group was less than in the placebo arm. No deaths occurred during the trial—however, a lack of data limits the interpretation of the composite outcome of hospitalizations or deaths. An absolute risk reduction of 4.9% was seen in the intervention arm. A total of 22 events were observed in the placebo arm. Of these, three were hospitalizations.

Patients who have less than three doses of the COVID-19 vaccination have a higher risk of becoming moderately ill. Those with more than three doses of the vaccination are at low risk.

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